Treatment of porous structures.



I gw/@MM J. C. MUORE.

TREATMENT OF POEOUS STRUCTURES. v

APPLIOATION FILED 11130.17, 1909.

996,042, y Patented Junezo, 1911.

Atzrst: l m Inventor:

Atty

UNITED sTATEs PAT oEEicE.

JASON C. MOORE, OIE JONESPOINT, NEW YORK.

TREATMENT OF POROUS STRUCTURES.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 20, 1911.

Application led December 17, 1969. Serial No. 533,669. i

porous structures such as concrete subject to infiltration of water whereby they are rendered waterproof and impervious to future infiltration and its novelty consists in the several successive steps of the process employed.

In tunnel tubes under water and with other structures at the edges of riversor bodies of water, when such tubes or struc-` tures are made of concrete a serious difficulty has arisen from the infiltration of water into the concrete. At times such action of the adjacent water is suicient to y threaten disintegration of the structure or at least to cause its rapid and permanent deterioration. Many attempts have been known to me they have heretofore been un` successful. I have discovered a method which is hereinafter described. by which the concrete is rendered impervious to future action of the water and one which is reasonablylow in price in its application.

It consists briefly in first clearing a suitgas under pressure, secondly introducing into the concrete so cleared a suitable water-` proongl liquid and simultaneously preventing the escape of the latter by maintaining an external pressure on the concrete and thirdly keeping up such external pressure until the liquid has had time to act.

In the drawing there is illustrated an apparatus which may profitably be employed in carrying out my process. It is of my own invention and I prefer to use it, but the steps of the process may be carried out by any other s uitable apparatus or quite independently of any particular kind of structure.

The apparatus described is made the subject of a separate lapplication for Letters Patent of the United States.

In the drawing the different devices employed are represented essentially in diagram.

1 represents a concrete wall placed in close proximity to or surrounded by .a *body of water indicated at 2, and which water creeps into the interstices of the. concrete.

A reservoir of air or other suitable gas' under pressure is indicated at 3. Two pipes 4 and 5 lead from this reservoir.

A receptacle indicated at 6 is filled wholly or partly with a` suit-able waterproofing liquid indicated at 7.

A hood- 8 of any suitable vsize and material isadapted to be closely pressed against the surface of the concrete and is provided with gaskets indicated at 9 to prevent leakage.' Meansindicated at 10 are'provided to secure the complete and constant contact of the hood against the wall. In the case illustrated thls is shown as a framework of timber or other suitable structural materiahl but any means which will accomplish the desired purpose may be used in this connection. The pipe 4 connects with the interior of this hood and also with the interior of the. receptacle 6 and is controlled by means `of suitable valves indicated at40, 41 and 42. made to cure this condition, but so far as -be adjusted against the concrete. The outlet conduit is controlled by a valve 63 and the nozzle by a second valve 64. The pipe 5 connectswith the outlet conduit 60 by a coupling'and is controlled by a valve 50.

In use the hood 8 is first secured firmly against the Wall, the gaskets 9 being moistened if'necessary. The nozzle 62 is then pressed firmly against the wall so that all of the parts are secure and rigid. The receptacle 6 isthen filled with the waterproofing material. The valves 41 and 63 are then closed to shut off the receptacle 6 from the compressed air system and the valves 50 and 64 are openedand the compressed air is .delivered through the nozzle 62 into the concrete and presses back the entrained water toward the body of water .2 and causes some of it to escape under such pressure into the interior of the hood V8, whence it may be drawn off b means of a dripcock indicated at 10. enthis step has been continued for a time suicient to relieve a considerable portion of the concrete of its water, preferably an area about coincident in extent to the area covered by the edges of the hood 8, the valve 50 is closed and the valves 63, 40 and 41 are opened whereby the pressure placed upon it, be forced backwardinto the hood 8 in the same manner as the entrained water had been so forced above described. To preventthis wholly, or to a suicientr extent for ractical purposes, a counter-pressure 'is eveloped within the hood by means ofthe valve 42 which is opened to admit a column of air from the pipe 4 through the hose indicated at 43 into the hood 8, thereby preventing such leakage. This counter-pressure is continued a sufficient length of time to enable the waterproofing material to act. After this has occurred, the valves 40 and 50 are closed to shut off the air pressure and the valves 41 and 63 are closed to disconnect the Waterproofing-receptacle from the air'system and the hood 8 is removed and set up again to cover a new area of the concrete to be treated.

It willl be understood that the counterpressure may be set against the concrete wall 1 within the hood 8 prior to the introduction of the water-proofing fluid and in fact prior' to the introduction of airl pressure through the nozzle 62. In such case no water would be pressed back into the hood 8 by the pres sure through the nozzle 62, but all of it would be forced away from the hood and toward thebody of Water indicated at 2. The valve 42 may also be made of usual form so as to vary the amount ofpressure which can be taken from the air system and introduced intorthe hood 8. The ability to create such variation may be useful when waterproofing liuids of different degrees of density and viscosity are employed.

Of Scourse, while I have described this processas applicable primarily to the waterproofing -of .concrete'or' ysimilar porous or semi-porous structural material, it is evident 59 that it is' applicable within a wider range and may be' employed usefully in other spheres of activity, for instance, in the impregnation` of other porous articles with gaseous or liquid fluidsjnot possessing waterproofing qualities necessarily, but which it may bedesired to introduce into such porous article.

What I claim as new is 4 1. The` process of waterproofing concrete 60 'against the'iniltration of water which consists first in clearing the concrete of water by theapplication of a jet of gas under pressure, and second introducing within the concrete so treated a waterproofing liquid and third maintaining a gaseous counter pressure against the concrete during the int-roduction of said Huid and until the waterproofing fluid has had time to act.

-2. The process of treating a porous material as'concret'e subjected thev action of 70 water which consists first driving back the incoming water by a column of air under pressure, second following the same by a -column of waterproofing iiuid` under pressure and third preventing .the escape of the iuid so introduced by a suitable counter pressure around the area of application.

f3. The process of impregnatin a porous article subjected to the action o` one iuidi v with another fluid, which consists in introducing the second iuid 4intolthe article under pressure at one point and putting a counter pressure upon the article upon a limited area surrounding the point of application ofthe fluid whereby its leakage is prevented;

4. The process of impregnating afporous article with liquid whichv consists first in forcing the liquid under pressure intol the article at one point and second putting a counter pressure on a limited area. of the surface of the varticle around the point of application of the liquid.` v

5. The process of treating a porous. wall subjected to the action of water to render it waterproof which consistsin introducing a waterproong'fluid within the wall at one point under pressure and producing aA counter pressure on the wall surroundingsaid point. l

6. The process of -waterprootingconcrete' against the infiltration of 'water which consists first in subjecting a limited area ofl the concrete to the pressu-re of a gaseous iu'id,

second introducing into the 'concrete under a greater pressure a waterproofing liquid and third vmaintaining both' pressures until the waterproofing liquid haslled .the'interstices of the concretel` .y

7. The process of in'rpregnating a porous article subjected to the action of'one iiuid with another fluid which consists :inputting A the pressurepof a gaseous envelope uponthe. surface of the article to be treated and introducing the second fluid into the article while maintaining such surface pressure.

8, The process of impregnatin'g a porous article with a liquid which consists in forcingv the liquid into the article against the v internal resistance of the article, and maintaining an external pressure against the surface of the article within `a substantially closed chamber adjacent to the point of ap-- plication of the liquid.' y

9. The process of impregnating'a porous wall with a liquid which consists in forcing 125 the" liquid into the wall at vdifferent points ysuccessively along its .surface vagainst the jinternal resistanceof the wall, and main' taining an external kpressure against the surface of the wall within a movable substantially closed chamber surrounding successively each point of application of the liquid. l0. The process of impregnating a porous article, Which consists in foreinga liquid` into the porous article at a predetermined point on lts surface and producing around said point andagainst a larger area of the surface, a gaseouspressure to prevent the return of the liquid so introduced.

v11. The process of iinpregnating a porous article having a liquid pressure against one side of the same, which consists first in applyinga gaseous pressure against the opposite side of the article to drive back the liquid that has entered the pores thereof, then introducing through said other side at a predetermined point, a liquid proofing Inaterial, and producing around said point and against a larger "area of the said other lside, a gaseous pressure to prevent the return of the Waterproofing liquid so introduced.

Witness my hand this 14th day of December, 1909, at New York, N. Y.

JASON c. Moons.

Witnesses:

SARA G. OROURKE, DAISY WESTERVELT. 

